• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for producing prefabricated components (1) for buildings, comprising the following steps: -) filling a hardenable casting material into a formwork to form a plate-shaped base element (2), -) connecting the base element (2) to lightweight component units, such as Thermal insulation panels, by inserting the lightweight component units in the not yet fully cured casting material or by connecting elements (3), the basic element (2) and lightweight component units interconnect, all lightweight components without joints tightly lined up and optionally cut to a total of a plate-shaped lightweight construction (4 ), which is formed on all side edges to at least one processing section (5) greater than the base element (2) and this therefore surmounted, -) measuring the finished cured prefabricated component (1) against a factory set reference to F setting the production-related deviations from a tolerance range specified during subsequent assembly; and) dimensionally accurate machining of the peripheral processing sections (5) and the side surface (6) of the lightweight construction (4) facing away from the base element (2) by removal of material of the lightweight construction layer (4) to the extent the deviations from the tolerance range detected in the previous step.
    公开号:AT518959A1
    申请号:T50713/2016
    申请日:2016-08-04
    公开日:2018-02-15
    发明作者:Redlberger Alfred；Florian Redlberger Ing
    申请人:Redlberger Alfred；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a method for the production of prefabricated components for buildings, comprising the following basic steps: -) filling a hardenable casting material into a formwork to form a substantially plate-shaped base element and -) connecting the base element to lightweight component units, such as thermal insulation panels, either by inserting the Light component units in the not yet fully cured casting material or by connecting elements that interconnect primitive and lightweight component units together, all light assembly without joints tightly lined up and optionally cut to give a total of a substantially plate-shaped lightweight construction.
    Currently, it is customary to make prefabricated buildings made of solid building materials, separated from the thermal insulation layer and put together at the site by manually positioning and setting up a building. Subsequently, the thermal insulation layer is applied to the outside of the components by means of adhesive and / or mechanical connection. The work is carried out exclusively manually and by qualified personnel. This is very time and personnel consuming and therefore costly.
    In order to reduce costs, attempts were repeatedly made to apply the thermal insulation layer in the factory and to join the solid components together with this thermal insulation on the construction site to form a structure. However, the experiments have so far not been successful, since no dense joints and no flat outer surfaces in the thermal insulation layer could be produced by existing and existing within the production and assembly tolerances.
    The main problem is that tolerances of +/- 0.5 - 0.8 cm in the dimensions or in the thickness of the finished part occur in the manufacture of prefabricated, which is usually cast from concrete in a formwork in the factory. Thermal insulation applied in the factory also has tolerances of this order of magnitude. When building the building where the individual
    Prefabricated components are joined, these tolerances can hardly equalize. However, on the outside, where the thermal insulation layer is applied, there must be a tight joint without any tolerance. Any occurring joints would have to be filled / filled with foam, so that no cold bridges are created. However, this is hardly possible in practice, since the foaming never takes place over the entire thickness of the existing thermal insulation, whereby a continuous thermal insulation is no longer guaranteed. The deviations in the thickness between individual finished parts would have to be done only at the site by grinding the thermal barrier coating, which again is given an increased workload. In addition, it can not be ensured in this way that the thermal insulation layer at the machined locations continues to comply with the required minimum thickness. Due to these problems and the associated workload at the same time worse final result, it is previously omitted to install the thermal insulation layer already ex factory, but the thermal insulation panels are applied only at the site close to the outside of the already built prefabricated components.
    It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method for the production of prefabricated components, which already provides a corresponding heat insulation layer ex factory, the prefabricated components can be assembled at a later assembly at the site without post-processing by specialized personnel. The tolerances in the range of solid components should be reduced to the necessary extent and at the same time the joints should be tight in the thermal insulation layer at the interfaces between adjacent prefabricated components, and have the heat-insulating layer on the outside of the building a flat surface. The manufacturing cost of prefabricated components should be kept low.
    This object is achieved by the method according to the invention in that the thermal insulation or lightweight construction created on all side edges around at least one processing section is larger than the basic element and therefore surmounted this, and that the following further steps are performed: -) measuring the finished cured Prefabricated component against a factory-set reference for determining the production-related deviations from a later assembly predetermined tolerance range and -) dimensionally accurate processing of marginal processing sections and the base element facing away side surface of the lightweight construction by removing material of the lightweight construction in the extent determined in the previous step deviations from the tolerance range , The inventive method is based on the lightweight construction, which forms the thermal insulation, factory to connect to the solid base element, the lightweight construction but after the primer is cured to edit on all sides dimensionally accurate. The lightweight construction is carried out by a processing section larger than the basic element, so that only the lightweight construction has to be processed. Because of today's usual thermal insulation thicknesses, it is also possible to use the machined end faces of lightweight layers of prefabricated components as erection and mating surfaces for a very precise due to the machining accuracy assembly. In order to possibly keep the burden of lightweight layers by the weight of the solid base element when setting up low, the prefabricated components may optionally be relined in the course of assembly in the region of the base element. According to the invention, the lightweight construction is designed to be larger than the base element by at least one machining section corresponding to the joint and tolerance region, so that the lightweight construction layer always represents the outermost dimension of the finished component during machining. The processing of the prefabricated component thickness takes place starting from the solid inner side of the basic element. These measures ensure that both the outer dimensions and the overall component thickness can be precisely performed. The insulating material, which forms the lightweight construction, can be processed very easily and at high speed cost.
    It is a further feature of the present invention that subsequent to the last step of dimensionally accurate machining of the lightweight construction facing away from the base element
    Side surface further structuring, such as ornamental grooves, cornices or the like, are provided in the lightweight construction.
    The facade design can thus be provided from the factory to the lightweight construction, with any 3D-Struktu ren, such as cornices, ornamental or other designs incorporated into the easy-to-edit lightweight material, for example, can be milled.
    An additional feature of the present invention is that the lightweight component units are provided on the in the assembled state of the base member facing side surfaces before joining with a surface enlarging structuring, for example in the form of elevations and / or depressions. In particular, in an embodiment in which the lightweight component units are inserted directly into the not yet cured base element, structuring, for example in the form of ribs or grooves, provides better adhesion to the base element.
    It is a further feature of the method according to the invention that additional formwork elements are inserted in the formwork for the hardenable casting compound, which fill the later recesses for example, doors or windows in the base element, and that the lightweight layer, the edges of the recesses so created in the direction of the recesses also surmounted by at least one processing section. Consequently, recesses for windows, doors or other openings can be machined precisely and precisely to the final external dimensions even during the production of the prefabricated component, so that the installation of windows, doors, window sills, roller shutter boxes, etc. can also be carried out precisely without adjustment or reworking can. Preferably, the machined surfaces in the recesses for positioning of fixtures (such as windows, doors, shutter systems, etc.) are used in the unloaded state when installing at the construction site, and starting from this position carried out a fastening of the elements to be mounted on the base element of the prefabricated components.
    According to a possible embodiment of the invention, it is further a feature of the method according to the invention that the lightweight layer is first connected to the connecting elements and then the free ends of the connecting elements are pressed into the not yet completely cured base element, so that a gap remains between the base element and lightweight layer, which later when building a building at a construction site, for example, filled with in-situ concrete. In this way, a particularly lightweight prefabricated component can be created, which can be assembled seamlessly and precisely without reworking when building the building on the construction site on the one hand and on the other hand serves as a lost formwork when the resulting gap is poured with in-situ concrete.
    It is also a further feature of the present invention that further components are connected to the base element having passport portions which are also machinable after complete curing and measuring of the finished component to produce a tolerance compensation to a predetermined reference, and which at later erecting a building at a construction site serve as additional adjustment and connection points between the prefabricated components. Such built-in parts with passport sections are described for example in EP 2601358 A1. The basic element of the prefabricated component can be formed as a single wall or as a double wall, in addition to the precise precisely machined machining sections of the lightweight construction in this embodiment, the fitting sections of the mounting parts, which are made of plastic, for example, processed after the completion of the prefabricated component and any manufacturing tolerances factory calibrated against a reference. The prefabricated components can then be assembled very quickly on the construction site via the fitting sections as adjustment and connection points. In one embodiment of the basic element as a double wall, the intermediate space is then poured out by means of in-situ concrete.
    Finally, it is a further feature of the present invention that the machined end faces of the lightweight layer are finally provided with elevations or depressions, which can be brought into engagement with corresponding elevations or depressions of adjacent prefabricated components, for example, cone-shaped or longitudinal elevations and depressions for the formation of teeth or Tongue and groove connections are provided between the prefabricated components. Through the formation of tongue and groove joints or other-present gearing between the prefabricated components, the positionally accurate positioning of the individual elements can be supported and ensured in the course of assembly.
    The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein
    1 shows a schematic sectional view through a possible embodiment of a prefabricated component produced by means of the method according to the invention,
    FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view through an alternative embodiment of a prefabricated component produced by means of the method according to the invention, and FIG
    3 shows a schematic sectional view through a further possible embodiment of a prefabricated component produced by means of the method according to the invention.
    In Fig. 1, a possible embodiment of a prefabricated component 1 produced by the method according to the invention is shown schematically. The proportions do not correspond to the real conditions, but have been enlarged for a better understanding. For the prefabricated component 1, a basic element 2 is first produced according to the inventive method, which is poured, for example, concrete in a formwork. In the formwork are also other formwork elements, which are used to form the later recesses 7 for example, doors or windows. After the base element 2 has been poured and before it has fully cured, lightweight component units, such as thermal insulation panels are inserted into the still soft base 2 and with this by the complete curing of the
    Basic element 2 connected. The connection between the corresponding side surface of the lightweight component units and the base element can be improved if the lightweight component units are provided on the relevant side surface with a structuring, for example in the form of ribs and grooves. It is also possible to use different types of connecting elements 3, which are pressed into the basic element and project through the lightweight component units partially or completely.
    In the left part of Fig. 1 connecting elements 3 are shown, which completely project through the lightweight component units, while on the right side of Fig. 1 connecting elements 3 are shown, which end in the interior of the lightweight component units. The lightweight component units are thereby laid close to each other, and depending on the design of the base element 2, the lightweight component units are also cut accordingly. Overall, the now tightly installed lightweight component units result in a lightweight layer 4, which covers the entire base element 2 and projects beyond all edges of the base element 2 by at least one processing section 5. The processing sections 5 are provided both on all end faces 12, on the side surface 6 facing away from the base element 2 and on the side edges 8 of the recesses 7 on the lightweight layer 4.
    After complete curing of the prefabricated component 1, it is measured against a predetermined reference value and the deviations of the prefabricated component from a desired tolerance range are determined. Due to the manufacturing process, there are generally deviations of 0.5 - 0.8 cm compared to the given dimension. At the construction site, however, no joints should remain in the area of lightweight construction 4, so that a continuous thermal insulation layer is formed around the entire building. Also, the outwardly facing side surface 6 of the lightweight layer 4 should extend over the entire surface just without steps at the seams. For this reason, in a next method step, the lightweight layer 4 of the respective prefabricated component 1 is processed precisely on the basis of the previously measured deviations, whereby depending on the deviation, material is removed from the lightweight layer 4 at the processing sections 5. This allows each face, the thickness of the
    Prefabricated component 1 and the recesses 7 for doors or windows are processed as accurate as possible, that the prefabricated components 1 can be assembled on the site without further reworking.
    Subsequent to the dimensionally accurate machining, the finished parts on the outwardly facing side surface 6 can also be provided with structurings 15, such as ornamental grooves or cornices or the like. This makes it possible to complete even complex exterior facades by the easy-to-edit lightweight construction 4 largely, after which only a thin layer of exterior plaster must be applied during final assembly on the site.
    In today's standard thicknesses of thermal insulation can be built on the lightweight construction 4 for the purpose of building the building on the site, the prefabricated components 1, wherein the massive basic elements 2 are relined as needed. The construction is thus carried out in the simplest case completely over the end faces 12 of the lightweight layer 4, which can be provided for easier adjustment on site with appropriate tongue and groove structures or elevations 13 and depressions 14 for a toothing. Subsequent to the tailor-made erection of prefabricated components, the solid basic elements 2 can be connected and sealed together and the building is built very quickly and without large personnel costs.
    In Fig. 2, another possible embodiment is shown, in which the lightweight layer 4 is connected via a further form of connecting elements 3 to the base member 2. The building on the site is carried out, as described above on the front sides 12 of the lightweight layer 4. Subsequently, the solid base elements 2 are sealed accordingly and the gap 9 is filled with in-situ concrete. The prefabricated component 1 is therefore used in this example as a lost formwork. Any recesses 7 for windows or doors, must of course be sealed by appropriate formwork elements before supplying the in-situ concrete.
    In Fig. 3, a further embodiment is shown, in which the base member 2 is formed as a double wall. With the base element 2, in addition to the lightweight layer 4 and mounting parts 10 are connected, which serve in the example shown as a spacer between the two double-wall panels. On the built-in parts 10 are machined fitting sections 11, for example made of plastic, which are used after processing using the same reference as for the processing of lightweight construction, as adjustment and connection points in the construction of the building. The prefabricated component 1 is here also already measured relative to the reference for the desired tolerances in the factory and the processing sections 5 of the lightweight construction 4 processed accordingly. 3, the reference position of the mounting parts 10 and fitting portions 11 is shown by the dashed lines. In the example shown, the fitting section 11 has been machined in such a way that, for the future connection to an adjacent prefabricated component 1, the deviation of the built-in component 10 from the desired position is compensated. Deviations of the entire base element 2 and the lightweight layer 4 from the desired final position, for example with regard to the overall component thickness or the joint width, are compensated by machining the processing sections 5 on the lightweight layer 4.
    A significant advantage of the method according to the invention is that all necessary processing under controlled workshop conditions and largely automated feasible, which lowers the manufacturing cost. Building a building eliminates the need for time-consuming work and the need to engage the right people to build it, further reducing costs.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    Claims:
    A method of manufacturing prefabricated building components (1), comprising the following steps: -) filling a hardenable casting material into a formwork to form a substantially plate-shaped base element (2), -) connecting the base element (2) to lightweight component units, such as Heat insulation panels, either by inserting the lightweight component units in the not completely cured casting material or by connecting elements (3), the base element (2) and lightweight component units interconnect, all lightweight assemblies without joints tightly lined up and optionally cut to a total of a substantially plate-shaped Lightweight density (4) to give, which is formed on all side edges by at least one processing section (5) greater than the base element (2) and this therefore surmounted, -) measuring the finished finished finished component (1) over a factory preset Reference to the determination of the production - related deviations from a tolerance range specified in the later assembly, and to dimensionally accurate processing of the marginal processing sections (5) and the side surface (6) of the lightweight construction (4) facing away from the base element (2) by removing material of the lightweight construction layer (4 ) to the extent of the deviations from the tolerance range observed in the previous step.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that subsequent to the last step of the dimensionally accurate processing of the lightweight layer (4) on the side facing away from the base element (2) side surface (6) further structurings (15), such as ornamental grooves, cornices or the like, in the lightweight construction (4) are provided.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lightweight component units in the mounted state of the base element (2) facing side surfaces before joining with a surface enlarging structuring, for example in the form of elevations and / or depressions, provided.
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the formwork for the hardenable casting compound additional formwork elements are inserted, which fill the later recesses (7) for example, doors or windows in the base element (2), and that the lightweight construction (4) the edges (8) of the thus created recesses (7) in the direction of the recesses (7) also projects beyond at least one processing section (5).
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the lightweight layer (4) is first connected to the connecting elements (3) and then pressed the free ends of the connecting elements (3) in the not yet completely cured base element (2) be so that between the base element (2) and lightweight construction (4) a gap (9) remains, which later in building a building at a construction site, for example, with in-situ concrete can be filled.
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that with the base element (2) further built-in parts (10) are connected, which have passport sections (11), which also after the complete curing and measuring of the prefabricated component (1) can be machined to produce a tolerance compensation to a predetermined reference, and which serve in a later construction of a building at a construction site as additional adjustment and connection points between the prefabricated components (1).
    [7]
    7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the machined end faces (12) of the lightweight layer (4) are finally provided with elevations (13) or depressions (14), which with corresponding elevations (13) or depressions ( 14) of adjacent prefabricated components (1) can be brought into engagement, wherein, for example, conical or longitudinal elevations (13) and depressions (14) are provided for forming toothings or tongue and groove connections between the prefabricated components (1).
    类似技术:
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    EP1555376A1|2005-07-20|Composite profile
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    DE102012220058A1|2014-06-12|Method for joining precast concrete elements
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    EP1197616B1|2005-06-29|Lost shuttering for a lintel
    DE19930567B4|2010-05-06|Concrete element and method for producing a concrete element
    WO2012016268A2|2012-02-09|Method for producing prefabricated structural parts
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2018024874A1|2018-02-08|
    EP3494264A1|2019-06-12|
    AT518959B1|2018-12-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    EP0322923A2|1987-12-31|1989-07-05|Thermomass Technology, Inc.|Connecting rod mechanism for an insulated wall construction|
    WO1995027835A1|1994-04-08|1995-10-19|H.K. Composites, Inc.|Highly insulative connector rods and methods for their manufacture and use in highly insulated composite walls|
    DE202009004195U1|2009-03-25|2010-08-19|Kastner, Erich|Reinforcement device for producing a prefabricated component|
    DE102011052736A1|2011-08-16|2013-02-21|Fischerwerke Gmbh & Co. Kg|Anchor for use with anchor assembly for anchoring layer of multilayered finished component for distance fixing with another layer of multilayered finished component, has anchor element moved for anchoring of layer to certain side|US11248383B2|2018-09-21|2022-02-15|Cooper E. Stewart|Insulating concrete form apparatus|FR2697858B1|1992-11-10|1995-01-27|Alain Guenee|Method for manufacturing a three-layer sandwich type construction panel and panel obtained by implementing this method.|
    FR2931494A1|2008-05-22|2009-11-27|Spurgin Sarl|INTEGRATED FORMWORK WALL|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50713/2016A|AT518959B1|2016-08-04|2016-08-04|Process for the manufacture of prefabricated building components|ATA50713/2016A| AT518959B1|2016-08-04|2016-08-04|Process for the manufacture of prefabricated building components|
    PCT/EP2017/069766| WO2018024874A1|2016-08-04|2017-08-04|Method for producing prefabricated components for buildings|
    EP17748761.8A| EP3494264A1|2016-08-04|2017-08-04|Method for producing prefabricated components for buildings|
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